Inventory accuracy lives in the strapping table. Vertical tanks scale linearly with level; horizontal cylinders do not, so half level is half volume only at exactly half full. Add dished heads separately at 0.131 D^3 each for 2:1 semi-elliptical heads, and plan transfers with fill time t = V/Q: 15.7 m3 at 36 m3/h takes 26.2 minutes.
Formulas
Vertical shell
V = (pi/4)D^2 h
Add heads separately.
SE head
V_head = 0.131 D^3
Per 2:1 semi-elliptical head.
Fill time
t = V/Q
Constant-rate transfers.
Worked example
DN2000 vertical x 5 m
Inputs: D 2; h 5.
Calculation: Shell 15.71 m3; plus two heads 2.10 m3.
Lesson:
Frequently asked questions
Vertical tank formula?
Area times level; add heads separately.
Why is half level not half volume in horizontal tanks?
Level fraction is nonlinear; use the strapping table or segment formula.
How much do dished heads add?
About 0.131 D^3 per 2:1 SE head.
Sources and further verification
- Storage tank Wikipedia
- Pressure vessel Wikipedia
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